In: Osman, A., Moropoulou, A., Lampropoulos, K. (eds) Advanced Nondestructive and Structural Techniques for Diagnosis, Redesign and Health Monitoring for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage. TMM 2023. Springer Proceedings in Materials, vol 33. Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42239-3_5
Abstract:
CALLOS, Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and Lidar technologies Open to Science and public, is a NSFR research project (MIS-5056208) of interdisciplinary cooperation aiming to study and preserve the emblematic archeological objects and monuments of Athens. The partnership of the Ephorate of Antiquities of the City of Athens (EFAPA), the Foundation for Research and Technology [Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL-FORTH) and Institute of Computer Science (ICS-FORTH)], and Raymetrics S.A. focuses on two objectives: a) the development of modern, portable and non-invasive methods and instruments for analysis, and mapping, as well as customised cleaning systems based on advanced optical and laser technologies and b) the broad communication of its works to researchers and public through the establishment of an Open-to-the-public Conservation Laboratory (OCL) at the premises of EFAPA. The research and conservation activities of the OCL of CALLOS will be disseminated to the public via innovative communication actions and educational programs, as well as, an open-source knowledge platform. The project’s target is to employ portable spectroscopic analytical and mapping instruments based on innovative, reliable and non-destructive laser technologies (LIBS, LIF, Reflectance and LIDAR) aiming at the elemental and molecular study of extraneous materials, with emphasis to biological deposits and pollution encrustation, as well as their classification and mapping along Cultural Heritage surfaces. Furthermore, a transportable laser cleaning system for the controlled and effective removal of deposits and encrustations is being developed while the process will be followed in real-time by means of innovative monitoring methodologies. CALLOS envisages increasing public awareness of the multitude of applications of laser technology, which through appropriate scientific methods and devices, can analyze, map, clean and ultimately protect the monuments. In addition, it will play a key role in the research, development and implementation of new diagnostics and conservation technologies, for reliable, fast and non-destructive analysis and standardized procedures for the study and restoration of indoor and outdoor Cultural Heritage monuments.
In: Moropoulou, A., Georgopoulos, A., Ioannides, M., Doulamis, A., Lampropoulos, K., Ronchi, A. (eds) Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modeling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage. TMM_CH 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1889. Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42300-0_9
Abstract:
Attempts to preserve materials and constructions of the past are not new but the scientific aspect of cultural heritage (CH) conservation has emerged during the last two centuries. Today, conservation comprises all examinations, treatments and documentation work towards the life extension of antiquities and the engagement of audiences with CH. In museums, monuments and archaeological sites, conservation laboratories open for regular activities and educational programs to raise public awareness and create connections with their knowledge and interests. Digital technologies support open labs toward holistic documentation of all methods, materials and results while improving physical and digital access to CH through dissemination, reducing the gap between sciences and visitors via interdisciplinary, multimedia, fun and ultimately beneficial ways that enrich the CH narratives for all. In Greece, the first conservation lab open to peers and the public is implemented by the joint research project CALLOS for the Eph orate of Antiquities of the City of Athens (EACA). The article will discuss how a web-based platform and a portal for the management and dissemination of knowledge will support conservation science and openness of a chief lab equipped with innovative diagnostic and conservation tailored-made equipment
In: Heritage Science 10, 2022, 204.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-022-00827-x
Abstract
The present study focuses on the development of a fast, non-invasive methodology, appropriate for the detection and characterization of biodeterioration present on the surface of archaeological/historical stone objects and monuments, by exploiting the characteristic fluorescence emission of biological deposits. Fluorescence spectra were collected by use of a portable LED (Light Emitting Diode)-Induced Fluorescence (LED-IF) instrument. Three limestone fragments and one mortar fragment, from different monuments in Greece, presenting various types of biodeterioration on their surface, have been investigated in the laboratory. First, fluorescence emission spectra were acquired with a benchtop laboratory spectrofluorometer in order to select the optimum excitation wavelengths for the fluorophores present in the biological crust. An evaluation of the portable LED-IF instrument was conducted by assessing the performance of its optical components and different LED excitation sources, while an investigation of several experimental parameters on the fluorescence signal was also performed. Furthermore, issues related to the efficiency of detection and identification of biological growth have been studied, such as the effect of sample surface wetting on the fluorescence signal. The results of the present study demonstrate that the LED-IF instrument can be used for a fast and reliable assessment of the presence of biodeterioration on monuments.
Τίτλος ημεδίδας: Ετήσια Ημερίδα Συντηρητών Αρχαιοτήτων & Έργων Τέχνης ]ΠΕΣΑ, Αθήνα Παρασκευή 8 Δεκεμβρίου 2023
Περίληψη
To έργο CALLOS (Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and LIDAR technologies Open to Science and public) εντάχθηκε το 2019 στη δράση Εθνικής εμβέλειας «Ανοιχτή Καινοτομία στον Πολιτισμό» του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Ανταγωνιστικότητα, Επιχειρηματικότητα και Καινοτομία» (ΕΠΑνΕΚ) της Γενικής Γραμματείας Έρευνας και Καινοτομίας (ΓΓΕΚ) με MIS-5056208 και ολοκληρώθηκε στο τέλος Οκτωβρίου του 2023. Αποτελεί σύμπραξη της Εφορείας Αρχαιοτήτων Πόλης Αθηνών (ΕΦΑΠΑ), του Ιδρύματος Τεχνολογίας και Έρευνας (ΙΤΕ), το οποίο συμμετέχει με το Ινστιτούτο Ηλεκτρονικής Δομής και Λέιζερ (ΙΗΔΛ) και το Ινστιτούτο Πληροφορικής (ΙΠ), και της εταιρείας Raymetrics A.E.. Αναπτύχθηκε σε τρεις άξονες: Συντήρηση – Συνεργασία – Επικοινωνία με κεντρικό στόχο τη δημιουργία ενός Ανοικτού Εργαστηρίου Συντήρησης (ΑΕΣ) που εδρεύει στο κέντρο της πόλης των Αθηνών και δύναται να συνδράμει σε σχετικές ερευνητικές ανάγκες. Στο πλαίσιο των δράσεων της ΕΦΑΠΑ προσβλέπει στην αξιοποίηση των ανωτέρω διατάξεων laser για τη διερεύνηση, την τεκμηρίωση και τη συντήρηση εν γένει της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς.
Η υλοποίηση του έργου διαρθρώθηκε σε δύο σκέλη:
α) Στην ανάπτυξη σύγχρονων, φορητών και μη επεμβατικών οργάνων ανάλυσης και χαρτογράφησης, που βασίζονται σε καινοτόμες και μη καταστροφικές τεχνολογίες laser (LIBS, LED-IF, Diffuse Reflectance και LIF-LIDAR) με στόχο τη στοιχειακή και μοριακή μελέτη των υλικών και την ταξινόμησή τους. Επιπλέον, αναπτύχθηκε ένα μεταφερόμενο σύστημα καθαρισμού με laser για την ασφαλή, ελεγχόμενη και αποτελεσματική απομάκρυνση επικαθήσεων και κρουστών διαφορετικής προέλευσης,
β) Στη διάχυση των αποτελεσμάτων σε ερευνητές και ευρύ κοινό μέσω της λειτουργίας ενός Ανοιχτού Εργαστηρίου Συντήρησης. Οι δραστηριότητες έρευνας και συντήρησης του CALLOS διαδόθηκαν μέσω επικοινωνιακών δράσεων και εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων, καθώς και μέσω μιας διαδικτυακής πλατφόρμας γνώσης (CALLOS Open Lab).
Το έργο CALLOS αποσκοπεί στην ευρύτερη πληροφόρηση του κοινού σχετικά με το πλήθος των εφαρμογών των laser, που μέσω κατάλληλων επιστημονικών μεθόδων και συσκευών, μπορούν να συμβάλλουν στην αναγνώριση, χαρτογράφηση, καθαρισμό και τελικά στην προστασία των μνημείων. Επιπλέον, ευελπιστεί να διαδραματίσει στο εξής βασικό ρόλο στην έρευνα, ανάπτυξη και εφαρμογή νέων τεχνολογιών διάγνωσης και συντήρησης, για αξιόπιστη, γρήγορη και μη καταστροφική ανάλυση υλικών και αντικειμένων Πολιτιστικής Κληρονομίας, καθώς και στην ανάπτυξη τυποποιημένων διαδικασιών για τη μελέτη και την αποκατάσταση κινητών και ακίνητων μνημείων
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: http://www.ima2023.gr
13th International Conference on InstrumentalMethods of Analysis: Modern Trends and Applications, Chania, Cr, 17-20 September 2023
Abstract:
Monuments are subject to various environmental and human-induced factors, leading to the gradual formation and deposition of crusts on their surface such as biodeterioration, atmospheric pollution crusts, corrosion products, patinas, etc. Additionally, monuments can exhibit chromatic layers, either intrinsic to their architectural characteristics (e.g., wall paintings) or as a result of external influences. Given that these deposits can have aesthetic but also structural implications, a comprehensive characterization of the state of the monument becomes crucial before deciding on the future conservation approach. However, the compositional diversity of these layers (biological, organic, inorganic) often necessitates the application of multiple complementary analytical techniques, preferably non-destructive and applicable in situ.
To address these requirements, we have developed a hybrid portable instrument integrating three different spectroscopic techniques: LED-Induced Fluorescence for biodeterioration detection and discrimination, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for elemental analysis of pigments, metals/metal corrosion, and inorganic crusts, and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for molecular analysis of pigments and coloured layers.
In this study, we will present the design, components and performance of the newly-developed hybrid system. In a first stage, various archaeological objects and fragments from monuments and sites of Athens (stones, ceramics, metals, wall paintings) were analysed in the laboratory to evaluate the system’s performance prior to field application. The results of these analyses helped the fine-tuning of experimental parameters for each technique but also the definition of an analysis methodology. Preliminary results indicate that this hybrid instrument is a valuable tool for conservators, heritage scientists, archaeologists, and others, as it enables rapid, portable, and effective characterization of a wide range of materials present on monument surfaces.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: 8ο Πανελλήνιο συνέδριο Εκπαίδευση και Πολιτισμός τον 21ο αι, 10 Μαίου 2023
Περίληψη:
Η Συντήρηση Αρχαιοτήτων και Έργων Τέχνης βρίσκεται πολλές φορές κρυμμένη σε εργαστήρια μουσείων και εφορείες αρχαιοτήτων, σε ανασκαφές και σκαλωσιές και κάθε φορά που γίνεται ορατή το μάτι των επισκεπτών θα θελήσει να ξεκλέψει κάτι από τα παρασκήνια του πολιτισμού. Στο πλαίσιο του εορτασμού των Ευρωπαϊκών Ημερών Συντήρησης η Εφορεία Αρχαιοτήτων Πόλης Αθηνών, σχεδίασε και υλοποίησε την εκπαιδευτική δράση «Μεταξύ φθοράς και … συντήρησης» με τη συνεργασία, του τμήματος Συντήρησης Αρχαιοτήτων και Έργων Τέχνης (ΤΣΑΕΤ) και των έργων CALLOS (Ανοικτό Εργαστήριο Συντήρησης των Μνημείων της Αθήνας με τεχνολογίες Λέιζερ και LIDAR) (MIS5056208) και Θ-ΙΝΚ (Το γκράφιτι ως ιστορική μαρτυρία και ως φθορά στα αρχαία μνημεία)(ΟΠΣ: 5010674) και με τη συμμετοχή του ΙΤΕ (ΙΗΔΛ) και της εταιρείας RAYMETRICS Α.Ε. Η δράση πραγματοποιήθηκε στην Αρχαία αγορά της Αθήνας και διήρκησε μία ημέρα (16/10/22). Στόχος του συγκεκριμένου κυριακάτικου παιχνιδιού αναζήτησης ήταν η ανάδειξη του επαγγέλματος του συντηρητή, του αρχαιολόγου και της διεπιστημονικής τους συνεργασίας προς όφελος των αρχαιοτήτων, η γνωριμία του κοινού με αθέατες πλευρές των μνημείων και η καλλιέργεια μιας συλλογικής συνείδησης για την προστασία της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς. Στη δράση συμμετείχαν 272 άτομα (ενήλικες και παιδιά), χωρισμένα σε ομάδες. Οι συμμετέχοντες περιηγήθηκαν στον αρχαιολογικό χώρο μέσα από έναν χάρτη 7 σταθμών που σχεδιάστηκε εξολοκλήρου για τη συγκεκριμένη μέρα. Σκοπός ήταν οι ομάδες να επισκεφτούν τους σταθμούς να ακούσουν τις ιστορίες συντήρησης και αρχαιολογίας και λύνοντας το γρίφο να κερδίσουν το αυτοκόλλητο του επόμενου σταθμού. Για την αξιολόγηση της δράσης δημιουργήθηκε ψηφιακή φόρμα αξιολόγησης, ώστε να ληφθούν τα απαραίτητα αποτελέσματα και συμπεράσματα. Μέσα από τη δημιουργία ενός παιχνιδιού αναζήτησης παρατηρήθηκε ότι ο χάρτης και η συλλογή αυτοκόλλητων έδωσε κίνητρο στους συμμετέχοντες να ανακαλύψουν διαφορετικά σημεία του χώρου και να θελήσουν να ακούσουν τις ιστορίες των ειδικών με στόχο να ολοκληρώσουν τον χάρτη. Ο ενθουσιασμός των συμμετεχόντων είναι το βασικό κίνητρο για να υλοποιηθούν και άλλες αντίστοιχες δράσεις.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: TMM – CH 23 – 3rd International Conference TMM-CH, Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modelling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Recapturing the World in Conflict through Culture promoting mutual understanding and Peace, 20-22 March 2023 Eugenides Foundation Athens, Greece
Abstract:
Abstract. CALLOS Project (Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and Lidar technologies Open to Science and public, NSFR MIS-5056208) is an interdisciplinary research project with application field the archaeological monuments and sites of Athens. A diverse scientific team comprised of conservators, chemists, physicists, R&D engineers, and others is currently working on developing and implementing innovative diagnostic methods, conservation procedures, and digital products (database, portal, etc.).
The foundation of every process, whether it is preventive or remedial conservation or physicochemical investigation is the documentation of the current preservation condition of an object. To achieve the project goals and assist the efficient communication and interaction between researchers, the establishment of a common ground for the documentation was essential. To this end, an innovative digital documentation plan was designed and implemented. Respecting accepted standards for cultural heritage documentation, the proposed methodology combines digitization through photography, bibliographical research on conservation terminology, and thorough condition reporting. To ensure the necessary uniformity and consistency in the condition mapping process a digital documentation system was developed using Adobe Photoshop, along with a step-by-step manual allowing non-experienced users to work independently. Online tools and sharing platforms were employed to facilitate access to data, promote remote collaboration, and minimize data loss. This endeavor to create a methodical documentation system is a work in progress that can be used for research and/or educational purposes. Hopefully, it might inspire other colleagues to incorporate it into their workflow and adapt it according to their needs.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: TMM – CH 23 – 3rd International Conference TMM-CH, Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modelling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Recapturing the World in Conflict through Culture promoting mutual understanding and Peace, 20-22 March 2023 Eugenides Foundation Athens, Greece
Abstract:
Open-air monuments are subject to biological degradation, demanding inspection and evaluation of their physical status for their conservation. The laser-induced fluorescence (LiF) technique has been identified as a valuable tool that provides qualitative and quantitative information on surface depositions prompting biological degradation levels. Although in commonly used LiF se-tups close proximity with the area under investigation is needed, that hinders its fully exploitation on large scale monuments. The combination of LiF setups with LiDAR systems has been proposed by a couple of research groups small distance between th Thus far, LiF technique is used in close-in distances leaving the study of open-air large scale monuments unexploited. To address this issue through the “Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and LIDAR technologies Open to Science and public” (CALLOS) project, Raymetrics S.A. developed a portable LiDAR system that integrates the LiF technique. The system is capable of recording LiF spectra from distances as far as 25 m, hence enabling the investigation of depositions on remote areas. In addition to this, it is based on altazimuth mount allowing the system to target broad areas without having to relocate it, making the investigation of the biological deposition on the surface of large scale monuments easy, fast and cost-efficient. Furthermore, a custom made software was developed by Raymetrics S.A. for the control of the system, the recording and the analysis of the spectra. Through this software, the system can perform measurements on individual targets or mapping extended areas on request. In the scanning area measurements, the software is capable to visualize, using artificial heat-maps, the existence and the spatial distribution of dissimilar depositions and a variety of specific substances that are provided to the user through its graphical interface.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: TMM – CH 23 – 3rd International Conference TMM-CH, Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modelling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Recapturing the World in Conflict through Culture promoting mutual understanding and Peace, 20-22 March 2023 Eugenides Foundation Athens, Greece
Abstract:
The present work describes the technical and performance characteristics of a newly developed portable hybrid instrument, which is used for the analysis of a wide range of materials encountered on monuments and objects of archaeological interest. As is widely known, archaeological objects may be composed of different types of stones, ceramics, metals and metal alloys and present paint overlayers (e.g. wall paintings, ceramics etc.). Moreover, the impact from numerous anthropogenic and environmental factors leads to the formation on the monuments’ surface of crusts and deposits of varying composition; inorganic pollution crusts and biodeterioration are only few of the different deposits. Prior performing any type of conservation procedure, it is of vital importance to fully characterise the materials present on the object/monument, as a different treatment will be required depending on their composition. The portable, hybrid analytical device developed in the frames of the project CALLOS (Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and Lidar technologies Open to Science and public, NSRF-EPAnEK, MIS-5056208) is performing three spectroscopic techniques: LED- Induced Fluorescence for the detection and identification of biodeterioration, Laser-Induced.
Breakdown Spectroscopy for the elemental analysis of inorganic materials (pigments, metals and metal alloys etc.) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for the molecular analysis of pigments. LED-IF and Diffuse Reflectance are completely non-destructive. LIBS is micro-invasive, giving thus the opportunity of stratigraphic analysis of multi-layered objects. The instrument consists of a portable analysis head connected with an umbilical with the power supply and spectrometers unit and the whole system can be easily transported on site for an integrated study of a monument. The preliminary analytical results from experiments conducted in the lab are promising and the authors believe that the developed system will be proved a valuable tool at the hands of conservators and heritage scientists towards a more efficient preservation of our cultural heritage.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks, LACONA 13, Φλωρεντία, Ιταλία, 12-16 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022 , http://www.lacona13.eu/
Abstract:
Monuments are exposed to numerous meteorological and anthropogenic phenomena that lead gradually to the formation and deposition of crusts on their surface such as biodeterioration, atmospheric pollution crusts, corrosion products, patinas etc. Furthermore, the surface of the monuments might present chromatic layers, which can either belong to its architectural characteristics (e.g. wall paintings) or created later on from exogenous factors. As in many cases the deposits might alter aesthetically or even structurally the monument, their complete characterization is essential before deciding on their removal or preservation. This task can be challenging as the compositional diversity of these layers (biological, organic, inorganic) might involve the application of more than one analytical technique, ideally capable to be applied insitu. These requirements can be met with the use of the hybrid portable instrument that is being developed and can perform three spectroscopic measurements: LEDInduced Fluorescence for the detection and discrimination of biodeterioration, LaserInduced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for the elemental analysis of pigments, metals/ metal corrosion and inorganic crusts and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for the molecular analysis of pigments and coloured layers. LEDInduced Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance are completely nondestructive, while LIBS gives also the possibility of stratigraphic analysis of a multilayered structure.
In the present study the design, components and performance characteristics of the newlydeveloped system are demonstrated. Various archaeological objects and fragments from monuments and sites of the city of Athens (stones, ceramics, metals, wall paintings) have been analysed firstly in the lab to test the performance of the system prior to its application in the field. An analysis methodology is developed by selecting the proper experimental parameters for all the techniques involved. The preliminary results show that the hybrid instrument can be proved a valuable tool at the hands of conservators, heritage scientists, archaeologists etc., as it can characterise a wide variety of materials that appear on the surface of monuments in a rapid, portable and effective manner.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks, LACONA 13, Φλωρεντία, Ιταλία, 12-16 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022 , http://www.lacona13.eu/
Τρίτο βραβείο καλύτερου poster
Abstract:
Biodeterioration is a rather challenging problem in the field of Cultural Heritage, for both outdoor monuments and archaeological objects. Biofilms on stones and other building materials, which are formed due to the climatic conditions, can be proven not only aesthetically but also structurally damaging and therefore actions must be taken towards their treatment.
In many cases, biological films coexist with other crusts, such as black pollution accumulations of inorganic composition. The use of the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) of a Nd:YAG laser is a well-established method to remove black crusts from the surface of stone and other building materials, but is not as efficient for the removal of biofilms. In the present study, the 2-wavelength blending laser cleaning methodology, developed and applied for removal of black crusts from the Acropolis marble sculptures [1] has been carefully adopted for the removal of biodeterioration. In this case the fundamental and second harmonic beams of a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 and 532 nm respectively have been employed in spatial and temporal overlapping to remove successfully both black pollution and biological crusts.
The results of this study will be presented with the aim to demonstrate the effective removal of biological formations on stonework using the 2-λ laser cleaning methodology on the basis of determining all operative parameters for effective cleaning (the energy density thresholds for crust removal and stone damage, the defined optimum ratio for the two beams etc.), as well as, careful assessment of the treated surfaces using surface specific and imaging analytical techniques.
Τϊτλος ημερίδας: Smart -eye: Η χρήση νέων τεχνολογιών για τη διάχυση της αρχαιολογικής πληροφορίας. Κέντρο Διάδοσης Ερευνητικών Αποτελεσμάτων (ΚΕ.Δ.Ε.Α.), ΑΠΘ, 7 Ιουλίου 2022.https://smarteye.gr/index.php/en/component/content/article/34-newsletter/94-smart-eye-%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1?Itemid=101
Περίληψη:
To έργο CALLOS (Conservation of Athens antiquities with Laser and LIDAR technologies Open to Science and public) αποτελεί μία σύμπραξη της Εφορείας Αρχαιοτήτων Πόλης Αθηνών (ΕΦΑΠΑ), του Ινστιτούτου Ηλεκτρονικής Δομής και Λέιζερ (ΙΗΔΛ-ΙΤΕ) και του Ινστιτούτου Πληροφορικής (ΙΠ- ΙΤΕ) του Ιδρύματος Τεχνολογίας και Έρευνας, και της εταιρείας Raymetrics A.E. Το CALLOS είναι ένα ερευνητικό έργο διεπιστημονικής συνεργασίας στο πεδίο της προστασίας των εμβληματικών αρχαίων μνημείων της Αθήνας και έχει δύο βασικούς στόχους. Ο πρώτος είναι η ανάπτυξη και η εφαρμογή καινοτόμων μεθόδων διάγνωσης και συντήρησης που βασίζονται σε προηγμένες τεχνολογίες οπτικής και laser, καθώς και η δημιουργία ενός ανοικτού εργαστηρίου συντήρησης στην ΕΦΑΠΑ στο οποίο θα συμπεριληφθούν. Ο δεύτερος και εξίσου σημαντικός είναι η διάχυση των αποτελεσμάτων τόσο στο επιστημονικό όσο και στο ευρύ κοινό. Η εξωστρέφεια των αποτελεσμάτων του έργου αποτελεί στόχο των συνεργαζόμενων φορέων για την ανάδειξη της πλούσιας αρχαιολογικής κληρονομιάς της Αθήνας. Μέσω αυτού μπορεί να δημιουργηθεί μια ενδιαφέρουσα διασύνδεση της αρχαίας πολιτιστικής κληρονομίας με τη σύγχρονη επιστήμη και τεχνολογία και να φέρει το ευρύ κοινό σε επαφή με τις μεθόδους ανάδειξης και συντήρησης των αρχαιοτήτων.
Σημαντικό μέρος των εργασιών του προγράμματος CALLOS είναι η ψηφιοποίηση δεδομένων αρχαιολογικής συντήρησης, η οποία και πραγματοποιείται μέσω ενός συνόλου εργασιών τεκμηρίωσης. Το αρχαιολογικό υλικό που μελετάται είναι ο λίθος, το κεραμικό, το μέταλλο και η τοιχογραφία. Οι πληροφορίες για την κατάσταση διατήρησης των αντικειμένων τεκμηριώνονται από φυσικοχημικές και διαγνωστικές μεθόδους και μακροσκοπικές εξετάσεις, κωδικοποιούνται με τη χρήση διεθνών προτύπων τεκμηρίωσης όπως το ISO 21127 (CIDOC CRM) και λεξικών συντήρησης (ICOMOS 2008) και αποδίδονται με προγράμματα σχεδιαστικής αποτύπωσης. Καινοτομία του έργου CALLOS αποτελεί η χρήση υβριδικών πειραματικών διατάξεων αναλυτικού χαρακτηρισμού που βασίζονται σε τεχνολογία laser και LIDAR και αναπτύσσονται από το ΙΗΔΛ-ΙΤΕ και τη Raymetrics Α.Ε. Παράλληλα, στις εργασίες συντήρησης εντάσσεται και το νέο σύστημα καθαρισμού με laser που αναπτύσσεται από το ΙΗΔΛ-ΙΤΕ. Οι νέες αυτές διατάξεις που θα εξοπλίσουν το Ανοιχτό Εργαστήριο Συντήρησης, αναμένεται να αποτελέσουν ένα πολύτιμο εργαλείο στην τελική ανάδειξη του αρχαιολογικού υλικού της ΕΦΑΠΑ.
Στο πλαίσιο του έργου το ΙΠ-ΙΤΕ αναπτύσσει μια πλατφόρμα γνώσης, χρησιμοποιώντας αποτελέσματα προηγούμενων έργων ερευνητικών υποδομών (ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΑ Ι & ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΑ ΙΙ), η οποία θα υποστηρίζει τόσο την επιστημονική τεκμηρίωση της αποτύπωσης, εξέτασης, συντήρησης και αξιολόγησης αρχαιολογικών ευρημάτων όσο και τη διάχυση των αποτελεσμάτων σε ευρύ και επιστημονικό ενδιαφερόμενο κοινό. Επιπλέον, η δημιουργία ιστοσελίδας και η προβολή του έργου στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, μετατρέπουν την πληροφορία από κλειστή τεκμηρίωση σε αντικείμενο ανοιχτό και προσβάσιμο.
Τέλος, σημαντικό ρόλο στη διάχυση του συνόλου των εργασιών αναμένεται να παίξει το Ανοιχτό Εργαστήριο Συντήρησης, το οποίο θα χρησιμοποιείται σαν βάση για την ανάπτυξη επικοινωνιακών δράσεων και προγραμμάτων εξοικείωσης του κοινού με τη διαδικασία της τεκμηρίωσης, εξέτασης και συντήρησης του αρχαιολογικού υλικού.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: 12th International Conference on Instrumental Analysis Modern Trends and Applications IMA 21, 20-23 Σεπτεμβρίου 2021
Virtual event organized by the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and the National Technical University of Athens
Abstract:
Biological deterioration is one of the main factors of decline of the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of materials on a historic building as well as of the overall aesthetic appearance of the monument. Moreover, a monument might have many different types of biological deterioration even on adjacent areas depending on their orientation and place on the monument (that leads to different sunlight, temperature, way of rain attack, wind and humidity conditions among others), composition and microstructure of the materials etc. The different types of microorganisms/organisms that can colonise a historic building include cyanobacteria, fungi, algae, lichens, moss etc.1
A portable fluorometer using an economical Light Emitting Diode (LED) source and a compact spectrometer has been developed with the aim to characterize the biodeterioration of a monument. Since the conventional techniques used for the analysis of biological attack require sampling and are usually costly and time-consuming, a completely non-destructive method that can be used in-situ, as is LED-IF (LED-Induced Fluorescence), could be proven vital for the protection of a monument.
The potential of the system is examined on several artefacts composed of different substrates presenting diverse types of biodeterioration and a first classification is achieved. Various aspects are also discussed, such as the selection of the proper LED wavelength for this type of compounds and the use of a proper protocol for the revival of the biodeterioration in the lab and/or in-situ.
Τίτλος συνεδρίου: 2nd International Conference TMM-CH – 2rd International Conference TMM-CH, Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modelling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage Rebranding the World in Crisis through Culture, 12-15 Δεκ 2021 Eugenides Foundation Athens, Greece
Abstract:
Lasers have been shown as capable to illuminate complex diagnostic and cleaning problems and thus to contribute significantly to the study and restoration of Heritage objects and monuments. In fact a number of laser material processing and spectroscopic methods has been specifically adapted with exceptional success to the requirements of a wide range of demanding conservation applications. Surface cleaning, based on laser ablation, has been particularly effective for removing selectively and safely unwanted accumulations and altered over-layers in a variety of substrates while, spectroscopic techniques, such as Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), micro-Raman and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy, have been used to determine the chemical composition of materials in works of art and archaeological findings.
Restrictions associated with laboratory arrangements, health and safety issues and lack of knowledge delimit the exposure/presentation of the laser based diagnostic and conservation procedures to a broader public. In this respect, their employment in open laboratories has been targeted to make their potential widely known. The realization of this aim was facilitated from the development of reliable (trans)portable analytical and cleaning laser systems, while tailor made digital repositories and knowledge databases for the documentation and dissemination/presentation of the CH objects and the produced scientific data enhance this potential.
In this communication, experiences gained from the establishment of the first open laboratory in Greece at the Acropolis Museum will be presented. Technical issues related to health, safety and presentation challenges as well as the social outcome of this initiative will be also discussed. Future prospects related to the development of two new advanced open laboratories in Athens (in collaboration with the National Gallery- Alexander Soutsos Museum (PROTEAS project) and the Ephorate of Antiquities of the city of Athens (CALLOS project)) will be also presented